Kinetic Study of Palm Fatty Acid Distillate Esterification with Glycerol over Strong Acidic Cation Exchanger Tulsion 42SM
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Biodiesel production by esterification of palm fatty acid distillate
Production of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) from palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) having high free fatty acids (FFA) was investigated in this work. Batch esterifications of PFAD were carried out to study the influence of: including reaction temperatures of 70–100 1C, molar ratios of methanol to PFAD of 0.4:1–12:1, quantity of catalysts of 0–5.502% (wt of sulfuric acid/wt of PFAD) and reaction...
متن کاملMicrowave-assisted biodiesel production by esterification of palm fatty acid distillate.
In the current research work, effect of microwave irradiation energy on the esterification of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) to produce PFAD methyl ester / biodiesel was intensively appraised. The PFAD is a by-product from refinery of crude palm oil consisting >85% of free fatty acid (FFA). The esterification reaction process with acid catalyst is needed to convert the FFA into fatty acid me...
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Kinetic study of free fatty acids (FFAs) esterification for biodiesel production from palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) using sulfated zirconia (S-ZrO2) prepared by solvent-free method calcined at low temperature as the heterogeneous catalyst was studied. The reaction was performed in a batch-stirred reactor at the different temperature to obtain the kinetic data. The effect of reaction conditi...
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Recently, biomass-derived energy has been receiving more and more attention due to the depletion of conventional fossil sources at a faster rate, as well as major environmental issues.1 Biodiesel obtained by transesterification of vegetable oils and animal fats provides an alternative fuel option for the future.2 Transesterification of oils and animal fats produce glycerol in large excess (10 k...
متن کاملNon-esterified fatty acid and glycerol kinetics and fatty acid re-esterification in goats during early lactation.
Non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and glycerol kinetics were studied in lactating goats to gain insight into the mechanisms by which animals in early lactation can initially mobilize and later replenish body fat reserves. Kinetic measurements were made at days 10, 38 and 76 post-partum in ten multiparous lactating does. Plasma NEFA concentrations and NEFA entry rate decreased as lactation advanc...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Engineering Journal
سال: 2017
ISSN: 0125-8281
DOI: 10.4186/ej.2017.21.1.45